Martin Wenzel: 10:27am Aug 29, 2006: I am aware that bourgeois has a negative connotation these days, but we are talking about a former era in history (the era of enlightenment), so we cannot really speak of a middle class, can we? Armin Prediger: 10:37am Aug 29, 2006: Does the exposition go into detail about the period, especially about the bourgeois class of the time? David Moore: 10:40am Aug 29, 2006: Martin, I'm not THAT old as to remember...but I have the impression that the term "bourgeoisie" would have been used in those days as a term of contempt for the "lower classes". Anyway, my suggestion stands, but it's your translation! Stephen Reader: 12:05pm Aug 29, 2006: Interesting qn, Martin. In retrospect we cd prob. refer to a mid. class even from post-Renaiss. on, with the (cert. by then) rising merchant class - after all, long gone, in much of Europe, the feudal system. David's proviso might apply re. bourg.- dunno.